Vision is only possible when the light passes through the eyes to the retina, the bundle of tissues at the back of the eyes that senses light. There are various diseases that lead to build-up of fluid in the vitreous to cloud, fill with blood or dirt that prevents the light from reaching the retina properly and causes vision problems. The only means to restore the vision is by removing and replacing the fluid with vitrectomy surgical procedure and this is only possible when an experienced and expert ophthalmologist will perform a surgery.
What is vitrectomy surgery?
Vitrectomy is a surgical procedure for the eye that helps to treat various problems in the retina and vitreous. This surgery is recommended for people who suffer from diabetic retinopathy with bleeding or scar tissue that affects the retina or vitreous gel, retinal detachment, macular hole, macular pucker, eye infection called as endophthalmitis, severe eye injury or certain problems that occur during cataract surgery.
During the surgery, the surgeon will remove the vitreous and replace it with other solution, either salt water solution or bubble made of gas or oil. The main purpose of this surgery is to remove blood or any other substance that prevents the light from focusing properly on the retina, remove wrinkling scar tissue which causes poor vision or repair detached retina. This surgery is also carried out in case of eye injury resulting from some foreign object. This procedure ensures that the patients enjoy restored vision and the retina gets back to normal.
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The patients must understand that it will take at least two to four weeks for them to recover to completely resume their normal activities. In some cases, it might take even longer to get normal vision so it is essential to consult the ophthalmologist and collect information before the surgery for swift and easy recovery.
The ophthalmologist will also prescribe medicine that will help in pain management. The patients will be given eye drops and medication that will help to prevent infection and assist in quick healing. The doctor might also recommend an eye patch for a few days to guard the treated eye to ensure safety at all times.
The surgical process
The vitrectomy surgery will be carried out by a qualified and experienced ophthalmologist who has studied the problem patient has been facing to provide lasting relief. The process can take anywhere from one hour to several hours, depending on the patients’ eye condition. The patient has the choice of staying awake, getting numbing shots in the eye or general anaesthesia.
The doctor will make a cut in the outer layer of the eye, cut the white part of the eye called sclera and remove the vitreous fluid as well as eye scar tissue or debris in the eye with a needle.  Along with this, the doctor will also make repairs if needed and inject a gas bubble in the eye to ensure the retina remains in its place. The bubble will vanish on its own with time.
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